RGB、YUY2、YUYV、YVYU、UYVY与AYUV

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关于 YUV 格式的详细介绍及内存排布方式如下：

YUV formats fall into two distinct groups, the packed formats where Y, U (Cb) and V (Cr) samples are packed together into macropixels which are stored in a single array, and the planar formats where each component is stored as a separate array, the final image being a fusing of the three separate planes.

In the diagrams below, the numerical suffix attached to each Y, U or V sample indicates the sampling position across the image line, so, for example, V0 indicates the leftmost V sample and Yn indicates the Y sample at the (n+1)th pixel from the left.

Subsampling intervals in the horizontal and vertical directions may merit some explanation. The horizontal subsampling interval describes how frequently across a line a sample of that component is taken while the vertical interval describes on which lines samples are taken. For example, UYVY format has a horizontal subsampling period of 2 for both the U and V components indicating that U and V samples are taken for every second pixel across a line. Their vertical subsampling period is 1 indicating that U and V samples are taken on each line of the image.

For YVU9, though, the vertical subsampling interval is 4. This indicates that U and V samples are only taken on every fourth line of the original image. Since the horizontal sampling period is also 4, a single U and a single V sample are taken for each square block of 16 image pixels.

Also, if you are interested in YCrCb to RGB conversion, you may find this page helpful.

People reading this page may be interested in a freeware codec from Drastic Technologies which allegedly handles the vast majority of YUV formats listed here. I’ve not tried it but you can find it here.

Packed YUV Formats

AYUV

This is a 4:4:4 YUV format with 8 bit samples for each component along with an 8 bit alpha blend value per pixel. Component ordering is A Y U V (as the name suggests).

UYVY (and Y422 and UYNV and HDYC)

UYVY is probably the most popular of the various YUV 4:2:2 formats. It is output as the format of choice by the Radius Cinepak codec and is often the second choice of software MPEG codecs after YV12.

Y422 and UYNV appear to be direct equivalents to the original UYVY.

HDYC is equivalent in layout but pixels are described using the BT709 color space as used in HD video systems rather than the BT470 SD video color space typically used. Apparently there is a description in the DeckLink DirectShow SDK documentation at http://blackmagic-design.com/support/software/archive/, find DeckLink SDK 5.6.2 for Windows XP and download http://blackmagic-design.com/support/software/register.asp?softID=108, set product to None, serial no is not required), see “Video Formats” section.

Effective bits per pixel : 16

Positive biHeight implies top-down imge (top line first)

IUYV

IUYV is basically the same as UYVY with the exception that the data is interlaced. Lines are ordered 0,2,4,….,1,3,5…. instead of 0,1,2,3,4,5,….

cyuv

This FOURCC, allegedly registered by Creative Labs, is essentially a duplicate of UYVY. The only difference is that the image is flipped vertically, the first u_int16 in the buffer representing the bottom line of the viewed image. Note that the FOURCC is comprised of lower case characters (so much for the upper case convention !)

Effective bits per pixel : 16

Positive biHeight implies bottom-up image (botton line first)

YUY2 (and YUNV and V422 and YUYV)

YUY2 is another in the family of YUV 4:2:2 formats and appears to be used by all the same codecs as UYVY.

Effective bits per pixel : 16

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

There is a help page here which contains information on playing AVIs which include video stored in YUY2 format.

YVYU

Despite being a simple byte ordering change from YUY2 or UYVY, YVYU seems to be seen somewhat less often than the other two formats defined above.

Effective bits per pixel : 16

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

Y41P

This YUV 4:1:1 format is registered as a PCI standard format. Mediamatics MPEG 1 engine is the only codec (other than a Brooktree internal one) that I know of that can generate it.

Effective bits per pixel : 12

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

Y411

I was originally told that this was a duplicate of Y41P however it seems that this is not the case after all. Y411 is a packed YUV 4:1:1 format with a 6 pixel macroblock structure containing 4 pixels. Component packing order is:

Effective bits per pixel : 12

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

IY41

IY41 is basically the same as Y41P with the exception that the data is interlaced. Lines are ordered 0,2,4,….,1,3,5…. instead of 0,1,2,3,4,5,….

Y211

I have yet to find anything that will output Y211 ! The format looks very much like the missing YUV 4:2:2 ordering but Y samples are only taken on every second pixel. Think of it as a half width 4:2:2 image and double the width on display.

Effective bits per pixel : 8

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

Y41T

This format is identical to Y41P except for the fact that the least significant bit of each Y component forms a chromakey channel. If this bit is set, the YUV image pixel is displayed, if cleared, the pixel is transparent (and the underlying graphics pixel is shown).

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

Y42T

This format is identical to UYVY except for the fact that the least significant bit of each Y component forms a chromakey channel. If this bit is set, the YUV image pixel is displayed, if cleared, the pixel is transparent (and the underlying graphics pixel is shown).

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

CLJR

Cirrus Logic’s format packs 4 pixel samples into a single u_int32 by sacrificing precision on each sample. Y samples are truncated to 5 bits each, U and V have 6 bits per sample.

Effective bits per pixel : 8

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

IYU1

The IYU1 format is a 12 bit format used in mode 2 of the IEEE 1394 Digital Camera 1.04 spec (“1394-based Digital Camera Specification, Version 1.04, August 9, 1996”, page 14.). The format, a duplicate of Y411, is YUV (4:1:1) according to the following pattern:

IYU2

The IYU2 format is a 24 bit format used in mode 0 of the IEEE 1394 Digital Camera 1.04 spec (ibid.) The format is YUV (4:4:4) according to the following pattern:

YUVP

This is another format similar to YUY2 and it’s aliases. The difference here is that each Y, U and V samples is 10 bits rather than 8. I am still waiting to hear how the samples are packed – is a macropixel just 5 bytes long with all the samples packed together or is there more to it than this?

V210

AJA Video Systems have implemented this Quicktime format for Windows. It is a 10 bit per component, YCrCb 4:2:2 format in which samples for 5 pixels are packed into 4 4-byte little endian words. Rather than repeat the details here, I suggest looking at the original definition on the Quicktime web site.

Supposedly there are images described as “YUV10” that are formatted similarly to this aside from the bit ordering (the correspondent mentioned having to run ntoh on the pixel data to reformat from YUV10 to V210. Despite 20 years of C, I’ve not heard of ntoh but I suspect it performs big-endian to little-endian conversion).

Planar YUV Formats

YVU9

This format dates back to the days of the ActionMedia II adapter and comprises an NxN plane of Y samples, 8 bits each, followed by (N/4)x(N/4) V and U planes.

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

ATI has a codec supporting this format that you can download from here.

YUV9

Intel’s web site states that YUV9 is “the color encoding scheme used in Indeo video technology. The YUV9 format stores information in 4×4 pixel blocks. Sixteen bytes of luminance are stored for every 1 byte of chrominance. For example, a 640×480 image will have 307,200 bytes of luminance and 19,200 bytes of chrominance.” This sounds exactly the same as YVU9 to me. Anyone know if there is any difference?

IF09

A derivative of YVU9, IF09 contains the basic 3 planes for Y, V and U followed by an additional (N/4)x(N/4) plane of “skip blocks”. This final plane forms a basic delta encoding scheme which can be used by a displayer to decide which pixels in the image are unchanged from the previous displayed frame. The strange number of bits per pixel listed for the format results from the fact that an NxN image is described using N²+3(N/4)² bytes.

This format is generated by Intel’s Indeo codecs though users should beware – the original 32 bit Indeo 3.2 shipped with Windows 95 and the beta levels of Indeo 4.1 contain bugs which cause them to generate protection faults when using IF09. Fixed versions of these codecs are available from Intel.

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

Delta plane definition

To be completed…

YV12

This is the format of choice for many software MPEG codecs. It comprises an NxM Y plane followed by (N/2)x(M/2) V and U planes.

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

ATI says they have a download which contains this codec but I can’t find it on their site. If you would like something similar for Quicktime, try here.

YV16

This format is basically a version of YV12 with higher chroma resolution. It comprises an NxM Y plane followed by (N/2)xM U and V planes.

IYUV and I420

These formats are identical to YV12 except that the U and V plane order is reversed. They comprise an NxN Y plane followed by (N/2)x(N/2) U and V planes. Full marks to Intel for registering the same format twice and full marks to Microsoft for not picking up on this and rejecting the second registration.

(Note: There is some confusion over these formats thanks to the definitions on Microsoft’s site which tend to suggest that the two FOURCCs are different. One is described as a 4:2:0 format while the other is described as 4:1:1. Later, however, the same page states that YV12 is the same as both of these with the U and V plane order reversed. I would consider 4:2:0 to imply 1 chroma sample for every 2×2 luma block and 4:1:1 to imply 1 chroma sample for every 4×1 luma block but it seems as if the Microsoft writer may have been using the terms interchangeably. If you know these formats, please could you let me know whether the definition here is correct or whether I need to update one or other?)

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

CLPL

This format introduces an extra level of indirection in the process of accessing YUV pixels in the surface. Locking the DirectDraw or DCI CLPL surface returns a pointer which itself points to three other pointers. These pointers respectively point to an NxN Y plane, an (N/2)x(N/2) U plane and an (N/2)x(N/2) V plane. The Y plane pointer retrieved is (allegedly) valid even when the surface is subsequently unlocked but the U and V pointers can only be used with a lock held (as you should be doing anyway if adhereing to the DirectDraw/DCI spec).

Positive biHeight implies top-down image (top line first)

Y800

This format contains only a single, 8 bit Y plane for monochrome images. Apparent duplicate FOURCCs are “Y8″ and “GREY”.

Y16

This format contains only a single, 16 bit Y plane for monochrome images. Each pixel is represented by a 16 bit, little endian luminance sample.

NV12

YUV 4:2:0 image with a plane of 8 bit Y samples followed by an interleaved U/V plane containing 8 bit 2×2 subsampled colour difference samples.

Microsoft defines this format as follows:

 “A format in which all Y samples are found first in memory as an array of unsigned char with an even number of lines (possibly with a larger stride for memory alignment), followed immediately by an array of unsigned char containing interleaved Cb and Cr samples (such that if addressed as a little-endian WORD type, Cb would be in the LSBs and Cr would be in the MSBs) with the same total stride as the Y samples. This is the preferred 4:2:0 pixel format.”

NV21

YUV 4:2:0 image with a plane of 8 bit Y samples followed by an interleaved V/U plane containing 8 bit 2×2 subsampled chroma samples. The same as NV12 except the interleave order of U and V is reversed.

Microsoft defines this format as follows:

 “The same as NV12, except that Cb and Cr samples are swapped so that the chroma array of unsigned char would have Cr followed by Cb for each sample (such that if addressed as a little-endian WORD type, Cr would be in the LSBs and Cb would be in the MSBs).”

IMC1

Similar to YV12, this format comprises an NxN Y plane followed by (N/2)x(N/2) U and V planes. The U and V planes have the same stride as the Y plane and are restricted to start on 16 line boundaries.

Microsoft defines this format as follows:

 “The same as YV12, except that the stride of the Cb and Cr planes is the same as the stride in the Y plane. The Cb and Cr planes are also restricted to fall on memory boundaries that are a multiple of 16 lines (a restriction that has no effect on usage for the standard formats, since the standards all use 16×16 macroblocks).”

IMC2

Similar to YV12, this format comprises an NxN Y plane followed by “rectangularly adjacent” (N/2)x(N/2) U and V planes. Lines of U and V pixels are interleaved at half stride boundaries below the Y plane.

Microsoft defines this format as follows:

 “The same as IMC1, except that Cb and Cr lines are interleaved at half-stride boundaries. In other words, each full-stride line in the chrominance area starts with a line of Cr, followed by a line of Cb that starts at the next half-stride boundary. (This is a more address-space-efficient format than IMC1, cutting the chrominance address space in half, and thus cutting the total address space by 25%.) This runs a close second in preference relative to NV12, but NV12 appears to be more popular.”

IMC3

The same as IMC1 except for swapping the U and V order.

IMC4

The same as IMC2 except for swapping the U and V order.

CXY1

Planar YUV 4:1:1 format registered by Conexant. Awaiting clarification of pixel component ordering.

CXY2

Planar YUV 4:2:2 format registered by Conexant. Awaiting clarification of pixel component ordering.

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下面给出了一个例子：

YUY2(YUV) 与 RGB 格式图片的相互转换 以及 基于 YUY2(YUV)的 blending

YUY2 经常用于电视制式以及许多摄像头的输出格式.而我们在处理时经常需要将其转化为 RGB 进行处理,这里简单介绍下 YUY2(YUV)与 RGB 之间相互转化的关系:

http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms893078.aspx

YUY2(YUV) To RGB:

C = Y – 16

D = U – 128

E = V – 128

R = clip(( 298 * C           + 409 * E + 128) >> 8)
G = clip(( 298 * C - 100 * D - 208 * E + 128) >> 8)
B = clip(( 298 * C + 516 * D           + 128) >> 8)

其中 clip()为限制函数,将其取值限制在 0-255 之间.

RGB To YUY2(YUV):

Y = ( (  66 * R + 129 * G +  25 * B + 128) >> 8) +  16
U = ( ( -38 * R -  74 * G + 112 * B + 128) >> 8) + 128
V = ( ( 112 * R -  94 * G -  18 * B + 128) >> 8) + 128

上述两个公式在代码中的
int YUV2RGB(void* pYUV, void* pRGB, int width, int height, bool alphaYUV, bool alphaRGB);
int RGB2YUV(void* pRGB, void* pYUVX, int width, int height, bool alphaYUV, bool alphaRGB);
函数中转换。

在诸如摄像头的数据获取中，我们往往需要直接在 YUY2(YUV)空间上进行一些图象处理，我们希望能够在 YUY2
(YUV)进行一些 RGB 上可以做到的处理。这里已 blending 为例，将两张带有透明度的 YUY2(YUV)图片进行叠加，
以达到在 RGB 空间进行图像合成的效果。

RGB 空间进行图像叠加，通常背景（BG）是不透明的，而前景（FG）是带有透明度的。在 RGB 空间，可以简单表示为：
Rdest = Rfg*alpha + Rbg*(1-alpha);
Gdest = Gfg*alpha + Gbg*(1-alpha);
Bdest = Bfg*alpha + Bbg*(1-alpha);
// Rdest、Gdest、Bdest 为最终合成后的像素值

考虑到
Y = ( (  66 * R + 129 * G +  25 * B + 128) >> 8) +  16
U = ( ( -38 * R -  74 * G + 112 * B + 128) >> 8) + 128
V = ( ( 112 * R -  94 * G -  18 * B + 128) >> 8) + 128
我们可以推导出

(Ydest-16)<<8 = ((Yfg-16)<<8)*alpha + ((Ybg-16)<<8)*(1-alpha);
(Udest-128)<<8 = ((Ufg-128)<<8)*alpha + ((Ubg-128)<<8)*(1-alpha);
(Vdest-128)<<8 = ((Vfg-128)<<8)*alpha + ((Vbg-128)<<8)*(1-alpha);

从而可以得到
Ydest = (Yfg-16)*alpha + (Ybg-16)*(1-alpha) + 16;
Udest = (Ufg-128)*alpha + (Ubg-128)*(1-alpha) + 128;
Vdest = (Vfg-128)*alpha + (Vbg-128)*(1-alpha) + 128;

这个叠加过程在函数
int YUVBlending(void* pBGYUV, void* pFGYUV, int width, int height, bool alphaBG, bool alphaFG)
中实现。

由于本文针对摄像头采集所得的数据进行处理，因此数据为 YUY2 格式，即 4 个字节来表示两个像素点的 YUV 信息，
排列为 Y1 U1 Y2 V2， 对于像素点 1 为(Y1, U1, V1)，像素点 2 为(Y2, U1, V1)。即两个像素点共用 U、V 信息。

这里假设带有 alpha 透明度的 YUV 格式用 6 个字节来表示两个像素点的 YUV 以及 alpha 信息，排列为 Y1 U1 Y2 V1 alpha1 alpha2
其中像素点 1 为(Y1, U1, V1, alpha1)，像素点 2 为(Y2, U1, V1, alpha2)。其中 alpha 为对应点的透明度信息。

而带有 alpha 透明度 RGB 格式的图片，假设为 32bits 的 BMP 图片，每个像素点用 4bytes 来表示，分别为 B G R alpha 信息。

上述函数的具体实现为：

//
// YUV2RGB
// pYUV			point to the YUV data
// pRGB			point to the RGB data
// width		width of the picture
// height		height of the picture
// alphaYUV		is there an alpha channel in YUV
// alphaRGB		is there an alpha channel in RGB
//
int YUV2RGB(void* pYUV, void* pRGB, int width, int height, bool alphaYUV, bool alphaRGB)
{
	if (NULL == pYUV)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	unsigned char* pYUVData = (unsigned char *)pYUV;
	unsigned char* pRGBData = (unsigned char *)pRGB;
	if (NULL == pRGBData)
	{
		if (alphaRGB)
		{
			pRGBData = new unsigned char[width*height*4];
		}
		else
			pRGBData = new unsigned char[width*height*3];
	}
	int Y1, U1, V1, Y2, alpha1, alpha2, R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2;
	int C1, D1, E1, C2;
	if (alphaRGB)
	{
		if (alphaYUV)
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { Y1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6); //i*width*3 = i*(width/2)*6 U1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+1); Y2 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+2); V1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+3); alpha1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+4); alpha2 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+5); C1 = Y1-16; C2 = Y2-16; D1 = U1-128; E1 = V1-128; R1 = ((298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G1 = ((298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);	
					B1 = ((298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					R2 = ((298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G2 = ((298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);
					B2 = ((298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+2) = R1<0 ? 0 : R1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+1) = G1<0 ? 0 : G1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8) = B1<0 ? 0 : B1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+3) = alpha1;	
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+6) = R2<0 ? 0 : R2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+5) = G2<0 ? 0 : G2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+4) = B2<0 ? 0 : B2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+7) = alpha2;	
				}
			}	
		}
		else
		{
			int alpha = 255;
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { Y1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4); U1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+1); Y2 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+2); V1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+3); C1 = Y1-16; C2 = Y2-16; D1 = U1-128; E1 = V1-128; R1 = ((298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G1 = ((298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);	
					B1 = ((298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					R2 = ((298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G2 = ((298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);
					B2 = ((298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+2) = R1<0 ? 0 : R1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+1) = G1<0 ? 0 : G1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8) = B1<0 ? 0 : B1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+3) = alpha;	
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+6) = R2<0 ? 0 : R2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+5) = G2<0 ? 0 : G2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+4) = B2<0 ? 0 : B2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+7) = alpha;	
				}
			}	
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (alphaYUV)
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { Y1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*4); U1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*4+1); Y2 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*4+2); V1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*4+3); C1 = Y1-16; C2 = Y2-16; D1 = U1-128; E1 = V1-128; R1 = ((298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G1 = ((298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);	
					B1 = ((298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					R2 = ((298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G2 = ((298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);
					B2 = ((298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+2) = R1<0 ? 0 : R1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+1) = G1<0 ? 0 : G1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6) = B1<0 ? 0 : B1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+5) = R2<0 ? 0 : R2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+4) = G2<0 ? 0 : G2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+3) = B2<0 ? 0 : B2;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { Y1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4); U1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+1); Y2 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+2); V1 = *(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+3); C1 = Y1-16; C2 = Y2-16; D1 = U1-128; E1 = V1-128; R1 = ((298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G1 = ((298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);	
					B1 = ((298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C1+516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					R2 = ((298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 409*E1 + 128)>>8);
					G2 = ((298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 - 100*D1 - 208*E1 + 128)>>8);
					B2 = ((298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8>255 ? 255 : (298*C2 + 516*D1 +128)>>8);	
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+2) = R1<0 ? 0 : R1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+1) = G1<0 ? 0 : G1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6) = B1<0 ? 0 : B1;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+5) = R2<0 ? 0 : R2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+4) = G2<0 ? 0 : G2;
					*(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+3) = B2<0 ? 0 : B2;
				}
			}	
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
 
//
// RGB2YUV
// pRGB			point to the RGB data
// pYUV			point to the YUV data
// width		width of the picture
// height		height of the picture
// alphaYUV		is there an alpha channel in YUV
// alphaRGB		is there an alpha channel in RGB
//
int RGB2YUV(void* pRGB, void* pYUV, int width, int height, bool alphaYUV, bool alphaRGB)
{
	if (NULL == pRGB)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	unsigned char* pRGBData = (unsigned char *)pRGB;
	unsigned char* pYUVData = (unsigned char *)pYUV;
	if (NULL == pYUVData)
	{
		if (alphaYUV)
		{
			pYUVData = new unsigned char[width*height*3];
		}
		else
			pYUVData = new unsigned char[width*height*2];
	}
	int R1, G1, B1, R2, G2, B2, Y1, U1, Y2, V1;
	int alpha1, alpha2;
	if (alphaYUV)
	{
		if (alphaRGB)
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { B1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8); G1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+1); R1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+2); alpha1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+3); B2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+4); G2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+5); R2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+6); alpha2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+7); Y1 = (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16) > 255 ? 255 : (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16);
					U1 = ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					Y2 = (((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16)>255 ? 255 : ((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16;
					V1 = ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6) = Y1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+1) = U1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+2) = Y2;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+3) = V1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+4) = alpha1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+5) = alpha2;
				}
			}	
		}
		else
		{
			unsigned char alpha = 255;
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { B1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6); G1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+1); R1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+2); B2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+3); G2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+4); R2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+5); Y1 = ((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16;
					U1 = ((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8+(-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8)/2 + 128;
					Y2 = ((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16;
					V1 = ((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8 + (112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8)/2 + 128;
					Y1 = (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16) > 255 ? 255 : (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16);
					U1 = ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					Y2 = (((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16)>255 ? 255 : ((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16;
					V1 = ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6) = Y1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+1) = U1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+2) = Y2;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+3) = V1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+4) = alpha;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*3+j*6+5) = alpha;
				}
			}	
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if (alphaRGB)
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { B1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8); G1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+1); R1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+2); B2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+4); G2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+5); R2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*4+j*8+6); Y1 = (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16) > 255 ? 255 : (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16);
					U1 = ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					Y2 = (((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16)>255 ? 255 : ((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16;
					V1 = ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4) = Y1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+1) = U1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+2) = Y2;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+3) = V1;
				}
			}	
		}
		else
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j) { B1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6); G1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+1); R1 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+2); B2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+3); G2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+4); R2 = *(pRGBData+(height-i-1)*width*3+j*6+5); Y1 = (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16) > 255 ? 255 : (((66*R1+129*G1+25*B1+128)>>8) + 16);
					U1 = ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((-38*R1-74*G1+112*B1+128)>>8)+((-38*R2-74*G2+112*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					Y2 = (((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16)>255 ? 255 : ((66*R2+129*G2+25*B2+128)>>8) + 16;
					V1 = ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128)>255 ? 255 : ((((112*R1-94*G1-18*B1+128)>>8) + ((112*R2-94*G2-18*B2+128)>>8))/2 + 128);
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4) = Y1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+1) = U1;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+2) = Y2;
					*(pYUVData+i*width*2+j*4+3) = V1;
				}
			}	
		}
	}
	return 0;
}
 
//
// pGBYUV			point to the background YUV data
// pFGYUV			point to the foreground YUV data
// width			width of the picture
// height			height of the picture
// alphaBG			is there an alpha channel in background YUV data
// alphaFG			is there an alpha channel in fourground YUV data
//
int YUVBlending(void* pBGYUV, void* pFGYUV, int width, int height, bool alphaBG, bool alphaFG)
{
	if (NULL == pBGYUV || NULL == pFGYUV)
	{
		return -1;
	}
	unsigned char* pBGData = (unsigned char*)pBGYUV;
	unsigned char* pFGData = (unsigned char*)pFGYUV;
	if (!alphaFG)
	{
		if (!alphaBG)
		{
			memcpy(pBGData, pFGData, width*height*2);
		}
		else
		{
			for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
			{
				for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j)
				{
					*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4) = *(pFGData+i*width*2+j*4);
					*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+1) = *(pFGData+i*width*2+j*4+1);
					*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+2) = *(pFGData+i*width*2+j*4+2);
					*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+3) = *(pFGData+i*width*2+j*4+3);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	int Y11, U11, V11, Y12, Y21, U21, V21, Y22;
	int alpha1, alpha2;
	if (!alphaBG)
	{
		for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
		{
			for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j)
			{
				Y11 = *(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4);
				U11 = *(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+1);
				Y12 = *(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+2);
				V11 = *(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+3);
 
				Y21 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6);
				U21 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+1);
				Y22 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+2);
				V21 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+3);
				alpha1 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+4);
				alpha2 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+5);
 
				*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4) = (Y21-16)*alpha1/255+(Y11-16)*(255-alpha1)/255+16;
				*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+1) = ((U21-128)*alpha1/255+(U11-128)*(255-alpha1)/255 + (U21-128)*alpha2/255+(U11-128)*(255-alpha2)/255)/2+128;
				*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+3) = ((V21-128)*alpha1/255+(V11-128)*(255-alpha1)/255 + (V21-128)*alpha2/255+(V11-128)*(255-alpha2)/255)/2+128;
				*(pBGData+i*width*2+j*4+2) = (Y22-16)*alpha2/255+(Y12-16)*(255-alpha2)/255+16;
			}
		}
	}
	else
	{
		for (int i=0; i<height; ++i)
		{
			for (int j=0; j<width/2; ++j)
			{
				Y11 = *(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6);
				U11 = *(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6+1);
				Y12 = *(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6+2);
				V11 = *(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6+3);
 
				Y21 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6);
				U21 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+1);
				Y22 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+2);
				V21 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+3);
				alpha1 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+4);
				alpha2 = *(pFGData+i*width*3+j*6+5);
 
				*(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6) = (Y21-16)*alpha1/255+(Y11-16)*(255-alpha1)/255+16;
				*(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6+1) = ((U21-128)*alpha1/255+(U11-128)*(255-alpha1)/255 + (U21-128)*alpha2/255+(U11-128)*(255-alpha2)/255)/2+128;
				*(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6+3) = ((V21-128)*alpha1/255+(V11-128)*(255-alpha1)/255 + (V21-128)*alpha2/255+(V11-128)*(255-alpha2)/255)/2+128;
				*(pBGData+i*width*3+j*6+2) = (Y22-16)*alpha2/255+(Y12-16)*(255-alpha2)/255+16;
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

参考网址：

http://www.cppblog.com/bangle/archive/2009/07/07/89475.html

http://www.fourcc.org/yuv.php

http://blog.csdn.net/jtujtujtu/article/details/3874621

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